Smog de inverno, mês a mês pelo mundo

Fumaça de carvão e inversão térmica no vale; o problema é o ar, não o frio.

Esta é uma página de alerta, não uma recomendação. Smog de inverno: 38 destinos afetados no SeasonMap; os meses abaixo são aqueles em que a janela de risco está aberta — a maioria das semanas passa tranquila, e a nota ao lado de cada lugar continua sendo a nota climática comum, com risco e tudo.

← Todas as temporadasO calendário do mundo

Quando acontece

Número de destinos com a temporada em curso naquele mês (smog de inverno). As janelas mudam um pouco a cada ano.

Smog de inverno em janeiro

  1. Daca 🇧🇩 BangladeshDry-season air · 15 Nov – 28 FevBrick kilns fire through the dry months, the construction dust never stops, and the city trades places with Delhi and Lahore at the top of the daily air rankings.93
  2. Kaohsiung 🇹🇼 TaiwanWinter air-quality season · 1 Out – 31 Mar (normalmente)The rain stops, the wind drops and the petrochemical belt on the north side has nowhere to go.87
  3. Varanasi 🇮🇳 ÍndiaPost-Diwali smog · 25 Out – 10 Fev (normalmente)Stubble burning upwind, firecrackers and a cold air trap put the plains under a brown haze from Diwali onward.86
  4. Taichung 🇹🇼 TaiwanAutumn and winter haze · 15 Out – 31 Mar (normalmente)Once the summer winds drop, the mountains behind the city stop the air moving and central Taiwan's industry and power stations sit in it.86
  5. Agra 🇮🇳 ÍndiaWinter smog season · 1 Nov – 31 Jan (normalmente)Cold still air over the Doab holds in field smoke, brick kilns and traffic, and the monument can vanish from the far end of its own garden before ten.82
  6. Laore 🇵🇰 PaquistãoSmog season · 15 Out – 31 Jan (normalmente)The province declares a smog season and acts on it: schools shut, offices go part-remote, brick kilns and building sites stop.74
  7. Islamabade 🇵🇰 PaquistãoWinter haze from the plains · 1 Nov – 15 Jan (normalmente)The Punjab smog does not stop at the motorway.69
  8. Chengdu 🇨🇳 República Popular da ChinaWinter smog · 15 Nov – 28 FevThe basin holds its own air all winter under an inversion.67
  9. Teerã 🇮🇷 IrãWinter inversion smog · 15 Nov – 28 Fev (normalmente)Cold air traps the traffic exhaust against the mountains for days at a time and the government closes schools and offices when it gets bad.64
  10. Tirana 🇦🇱 AlbâniaWinter air pollution · 15 Nov – 28 FevOld diesel cars in a basin ringed by hills, plus wood heating, and the winter readings climb well past what the city's reputation for mild weather suggests.63
  11. Xangai 🇨🇳 República Popular da ChinaWinter haze · 15 Nov – 28 Fev (normalmente)Still, cold weeks trap particulates over the delta and the skyline goes flat grey for days until a front clears it.62
  12. Turim 🇮🇹 ItáliaPo valley smog season · 1 Out – 31 MarThe city sits in a bowl with the Alps on three sides, and winter inversions trap particulates for days.62
  13. Milão 🇮🇹 ItáliaPo valley smog season · 15 Nov – 28 Fev (normalmente)The valley sits under the Alps with nowhere for the air to go, so still cold weeks stack particulate up until the region bans the oldest cars.60
  14. Pingyao 🇨🇳 República Popular da ChinaHeating-season smog · 15 Nov – 15 Mar (normalmente)Shanxi is China's coal province and the central heating goes on in the middle of November.59
  15. Plovdiv 🇧🇬 BulgáriaWinter smog · 1 Nov – 10 Mar (normalmente)Wood and coal stoves in the surrounding villages, plus an inversion that traps everything over the Thracian plain, give Plovdiv some of the worst winter particulate readings in the EU.58
  16. Xian 🇨🇳 República Popular da ChinaWinter smog · 15 Nov – 28 FevThe Guanzhong basin traps its air under the Qinling mountains all winter, and Xi'an posts some of the worst readings in the country.57
  17. Banja Luka 🇧🇦 Bósnia e HerzegovinaWinter heating smog · 15 Nov – 28 Fev (normalmente)Solid-fuel heating plus a valley inversion parks the smoke over the city on still winter days, and January is reliably the worst of it.56
  18. Escópia 🇲🇰 Macedónia do NorteWinter air pollution · 1 Nov – 28 FevHousehold heating and traffic under a valley inversion make this one of the worst-affected capitals in Europe, and schools have been closed over it.55
  19. Ancara 🇹🇷 TurquiaWinter inversion · 15 Nov – 28 Fev (normalmente)The city sits in a bowl and cold, still weather traps household heating smoke in it for days at a time.55
  20. Belgrado 🇷🇸 SérviaWinter smog · 1 Nov – 15 Mar (normalmente)Household coal and wood, old cars and a windless inversion over the confluence put Belgrade near the top of the world air-quality tables on the worst January mornings.54
  21. Nis 🇷🇸 SérviaWinter heating smog · 1 Dez – 28 Fev (normalmente)The same basin that traps the summer heat traps coal smoke from December to February, and the readings go from ordinary to genuinely unhealthy.52
  22. Boise 🇺🇸 Estados UnidosWinter inversion · 15 Nov – 15 Fev (normalmente)Cold air pools in the U-shaped valley under a warm lid and the wood smoke and traffic exhaust stay with it, sometimes for weeks.51
  23. Novi Sad 🇷🇸 SérviaWinter air pollution · 15 Nov – 28 FevCold, still days over the Pannonian flat trap household heating smoke and the city regularly logs some of the worst readings in Europe.51
  24. Sófia 🇧🇬 BulgáriaWinter smog · 1 Nov – 10 Mar (normalmente)The city sits in a basin under Vitosha and the cold air does not move; wood and coal heating in the outer districts then fills it.49
  25. Estugarda 🇩🇪 AlemanhaValley inversion air · 15 Nov – 28 Fev (normalmente)The city centre sits in a steep bowl with almost no through wind, which is why it spent years as Germany's worst spot for traffic particulates and still traps its own air on still winter days.49

…e mais 10 em janeiro.

O que acontece pelo mundo em janeiro →

Smog de inverno em fevereiro

  1. Kaohsiung 🇹🇼 TaiwanWinter air-quality season · 1 Out – 31 Mar (normalmente)The rain stops, the wind drops and the petrochemical belt on the north side has nowhere to go.90
  2. Varanasi 🇮🇳 ÍndiaPost-Diwali smog · 25 Out – 10 Fev (normalmente)Stubble burning upwind, firecrackers and a cold air trap put the plains under a brown haze from Diwali onward.89
  3. Taichung 🇹🇼 TaiwanAutumn and winter haze · 15 Out – 31 Mar (normalmente)Once the summer winds drop, the mountains behind the city stop the air moving and central Taiwan's industry and power stations sit in it.88
  4. Daca 🇧🇩 BangladeshDry-season air · 15 Nov – 28 FevBrick kilns fire through the dry months, the construction dust never stops, and the city trades places with Delhi and Lahore at the top of the daily air rankings.84
  5. Tirana 🇦🇱 AlbâniaWinter air pollution · 15 Nov – 28 FevOld diesel cars in a basin ringed by hills, plus wood heating, and the winter readings climb well past what the city's reputation for mild weather suggests.75
  6. Chengdu 🇨🇳 República Popular da ChinaWinter smog · 15 Nov – 28 FevThe basin holds its own air all winter under an inversion.73
  7. Teerã 🇮🇷 IrãWinter inversion smog · 15 Nov – 28 Fev (normalmente)Cold air traps the traffic exhaust against the mountains for days at a time and the government closes schools and offices when it gets bad.70
  8. Plovdiv 🇧🇬 BulgáriaWinter smog · 1 Nov – 10 Mar (normalmente)Wood and coal stoves in the surrounding villages, plus an inversion that traps everything over the Thracian plain, give Plovdiv some of the worst winter particulate readings in the EU.68
  9. Xian 🇨🇳 República Popular da ChinaWinter smog · 15 Nov – 28 FevThe Guanzhong basin traps its air under the Qinling mountains all winter, and Xi'an posts some of the worst readings in the country.68
  10. Turim 🇮🇹 ItáliaPo valley smog season · 1 Out – 31 MarThe city sits in a bowl with the Alps on three sides, and winter inversions trap particulates for days.68
  11. Escópia 🇲🇰 Macedónia do NorteWinter air pollution · 1 Nov – 28 FevHousehold heating and traffic under a valley inversion make this one of the worst-affected capitals in Europe, and schools have been closed over it.68
  12. Belgrado 🇷🇸 SérviaWinter smog · 1 Nov – 15 Mar (normalmente)Household coal and wood, old cars and a windless inversion over the confluence put Belgrade near the top of the world air-quality tables on the worst January mornings.67
  13. Nis 🇷🇸 SérviaWinter heating smog · 1 Dez – 28 Fev (normalmente)The same basin that traps the summer heat traps coal smoke from December to February, and the readings go from ordinary to genuinely unhealthy.67
  14. Xangai 🇨🇳 República Popular da ChinaWinter haze · 15 Nov – 28 Fev (normalmente)Still, cold weeks trap particulates over the delta and the skyline goes flat grey for days until a front clears it.66
  15. Milão 🇮🇹 ItáliaPo valley smog season · 15 Nov – 28 Fev (normalmente)The valley sits under the Alps with nowhere for the air to go, so still cold weeks stack particulate up until the region bans the oldest cars.66
  16. Ancara 🇹🇷 TurquiaWinter inversion · 15 Nov – 28 Fev (normalmente)The city sits in a bowl and cold, still weather traps household heating smoke in it for days at a time.66
  17. Novi Sad 🇷🇸 SérviaWinter air pollution · 15 Nov – 28 FevCold, still days over the Pannonian flat trap household heating smoke and the city regularly logs some of the worst readings in Europe.65
  18. Banja Luka 🇧🇦 Bósnia e HerzegovinaWinter heating smog · 15 Nov – 28 Fev (normalmente)Solid-fuel heating plus a valley inversion parks the smoke over the city on still winter days, and January is reliably the worst of it.65
  19. Sófia 🇧🇬 BulgáriaWinter smog · 1 Nov – 10 Mar (normalmente)The city sits in a basin under Vitosha and the cold air does not move; wood and coal heating in the outer districts then fills it.64
  20. Pristina KosovoWinter air pollution · 1 Nov – 28 FevTwo lignite power stations sit just outside the city and household heating adds to them, and cold still nights trap the lot in the basin.64
  21. Pingyao 🇨🇳 República Popular da ChinaHeating-season smog · 15 Nov – 15 Mar (normalmente)Shanxi is China's coal province and the central heating goes on in the middle of November.64
  22. Sarajevo 🇧🇦 Bósnia e HerzegovinaValley inversion smog · 1 Nov – 28 FevCold air settles in the bowl of the valley and holds coal and wood smoke over the city for days at a time; the readings regularly rank among the world's worst.63
  23. Estugarda 🇩🇪 AlemanhaValley inversion air · 15 Nov – 28 Fev (normalmente)The city centre sits in a steep bowl with almost no through wind, which is why it spent years as Germany's worst spot for traffic particulates and still traps its own air on still winter days.62
  24. Boise 🇺🇸 Estados UnidosWinter inversion · 15 Nov – 15 Fev (normalmente)Cold air pools in the U-shaped valley under a warm lid and the wood smoke and traffic exhaust stay with it, sometimes for weeks.61
  25. Pequim 🇨🇳 República Popular da ChinaWinter smog days · 15 Nov – 28 Fev (normalmente)The heating season and a still, cold high can pin a grey lid over the city for days; it is far better than it was a decade ago, but the bad spells still come in runs of three or four days.59

…e mais 7 em fevereiro.

O que acontece pelo mundo em fevereiro →

Smog de inverno em março

  1. Kaohsiung 🇹🇼 TaiwanWinter air-quality season · 1 Out – 31 Mar (normalmente)The rain stops, the wind drops and the petrochemical belt on the north side has nowhere to go.80
  2. Taichung 🇹🇼 TaiwanAutumn and winter haze · 15 Out – 31 Mar (normalmente)Once the summer winds drop, the mountains behind the city stop the air moving and central Taiwan's industry and power stations sit in it.80
  3. Plovdiv 🇧🇬 BulgáriaWinter smog · 1 Nov – 10 Mar (normalmente)Wood and coal stoves in the surrounding villages, plus an inversion that traps everything over the Thracian plain, give Plovdiv some of the worst winter particulate readings in the EU.75
  4. Belgrado 🇷🇸 SérviaWinter smog · 1 Nov – 15 Mar (normalmente)Household coal and wood, old cars and a windless inversion over the confluence put Belgrade near the top of the world air-quality tables on the worst January mornings.74
  5. Turim 🇮🇹 ItáliaPo valley smog season · 1 Out – 31 MarThe city sits in a bowl with the Alps on three sides, and winter inversions trap particulates for days.74
  6. Pingyao 🇨🇳 República Popular da ChinaHeating-season smog · 15 Nov – 15 Mar (normalmente)Shanxi is China's coal province and the central heating goes on in the middle of November.71
  7. Sófia 🇧🇬 BulgáriaWinter smog · 1 Nov – 10 Mar (normalmente)The city sits in a basin under Vitosha and the cold air does not move; wood and coal heating in the outer districts then fills it.70
  8. Bisqueque 🇰🇬 QuirguistãoWinter smog · 1 Nov – 1 Mar (normalmente)Coal stoves in the private housing around the city plus an inversion in the bowl put Bishkek near the top of the world air-quality lists on winter mornings.68
  9. Breslávia 🇵🇱 PolóniaWinter smog · 1 Nov – 10 Mar (normalmente)Coal and wood stoves still heat a lot of the old tenement stock, and a windless freeze puts the readings into the range that makes national news.67
  10. Cracóvia 🇵🇱 PolóniaWinter smog · 1 Nov – 15 Mar (normalmente)Coal heating in the valley towns around the city and a cold inversion put the worst air of the year over Krakow between November and March.65
  11. Posnânia 🇵🇱 PolóniaWinter smog · 10 Nov – 5 Mar (normalmente)Solid-fuel stoves in the older districts and windless, freezing days push the air into the range Poland is known for.65
  12. Varsóvia 🇵🇱 PolóniaWinter smog · 1 Nov – 15 Mar (normalmente)Coal and wood heating in the surrounding towns plus a cold, still inversion give the city its worst air between November and March.64
  13. Łódź 🇵🇱 PolóniaWinter smog · 1 Nov – 15 Mar (normalmente)Coal and wood stoves in the old tenement districts, plus still, cold air over a flat city, put the worst readings of the year here between November and March.64
  14. Zakopane 🇵🇱 PolóniaWinter smog · 15 Nov – 15 Mar (normalmente)A resort at the foot of a national park with some of the worst winter air in Poland: coal stoves in the valley and no wind to move it.53

O que acontece pelo mundo em março →

Smog de inverno em junho

  1. Pretória 🇿🇦 África do SulWinter haze in the valley · 1 Jun – 31 Ago (normalmente)Cold air settles between the ridges and holds smoke from veld fires and household coal under it, so the horizon browns out for weeks.88
  2. Joanesburgo 🇿🇦 África do SulWinter haze over the Highveld · 1 Jun – 31 Ago (normalmente)Cold air traps smoke from veld fires, coal stoves and the industrial East Rand under an inversion, and the horizon goes brown for weeks.85
  3. Jacarta 🇮🇩 IndonésiaDry-season smog · 15 Jun – 15 Out (normalmente)Traffic, coal plants along the coast and no rain to clear it: Jakarta regularly ranks among the world's most polluted major cities in these months.65

O que acontece pelo mundo em junho →

Smog de inverno em julho

  1. Pretória 🇿🇦 África do SulWinter haze in the valley · 1 Jun – 31 Ago (normalmente)Cold air settles between the ridges and holds smoke from veld fires and household coal under it, so the horizon browns out for weeks.88
  2. Joanesburgo 🇿🇦 África do SulWinter haze over the Highveld · 1 Jun – 31 Ago (normalmente)Cold air traps smoke from veld fires, coal stoves and the industrial East Rand under an inversion, and the horizon goes brown for weeks.85
  3. Jacarta 🇮🇩 IndonésiaDry-season smog · 15 Jun – 15 Out (normalmente)Traffic, coal plants along the coast and no rain to clear it: Jakarta regularly ranks among the world's most polluted major cities in these months.69

O que acontece pelo mundo em julho →

Smog de inverno em agosto

  1. Pretória 🇿🇦 África do SulWinter haze in the valley · 1 Jun – 31 Ago (normalmente)Cold air settles between the ridges and holds smoke from veld fires and household coal under it, so the horizon browns out for weeks.93
  2. Joanesburgo 🇿🇦 África do SulWinter haze over the Highveld · 1 Jun – 31 Ago (normalmente)Cold air traps smoke from veld fires, coal stoves and the industrial East Rand under an inversion, and the horizon goes brown for weeks.91
  3. Jacarta 🇮🇩 IndonésiaDry-season smog · 15 Jun – 15 Out (normalmente)Traffic, coal plants along the coast and no rain to clear it: Jakarta regularly ranks among the world's most polluted major cities in these months.70

O que acontece pelo mundo em agosto →

Smog de inverno em setembro

  1. Jacarta 🇮🇩 IndonésiaDry-season smog · 15 Jun – 15 Out (normalmente)Traffic, coal plants along the coast and no rain to clear it: Jakarta regularly ranks among the world's most polluted major cities in these months.68

O que acontece pelo mundo em setembro →

Smog de inverno em outubro

  1. Turim 🇮🇹 ItáliaPo valley smog season · 1 Out – 31 MarThe city sits in a bowl with the Alps on three sides, and winter inversions trap particulates for days.78
  2. Laore 🇵🇰 PaquistãoSmog season · 15 Out – 31 Jan (normalmente)The province declares a smog season and acts on it: schools shut, offices go part-remote, brick kilns and building sites stop.72
  3. Varanasi 🇮🇳 ÍndiaPost-Diwali smog · 25 Out – 10 Fev (normalmente)Stubble burning upwind, firecrackers and a cold air trap put the plains under a brown haze from Diwali onward.65
  4. Taichung 🇹🇼 TaiwanAutumn and winter haze · 15 Out – 31 Mar (normalmente)Once the summer winds drop, the mountains behind the city stop the air moving and central Taiwan's industry and power stations sit in it.64
  5. Jacarta 🇮🇩 IndonésiaDry-season smog · 15 Jun – 15 Out (normalmente)Traffic, coal plants along the coast and no rain to clear it: Jakarta regularly ranks among the world's most polluted major cities in these months.61
  6. Kaohsiung 🇹🇼 TaiwanWinter air-quality season · 1 Out – 31 Mar (normalmente)The rain stops, the wind drops and the petrochemical belt on the north side has nowhere to go.60

O que acontece pelo mundo em outubro →

Smog de inverno em novembro

  1. Laore 🇵🇰 PaquistãoSmog season · 15 Out – 31 Jan (normalmente)The province declares a smog season and acts on it: schools shut, offices go part-remote, brick kilns and building sites stop.91
  2. Islamabade 🇵🇰 PaquistãoWinter haze from the plains · 1 Nov – 15 Jan (normalmente)The Punjab smog does not stop at the motorway.90
  3. Agra 🇮🇳 ÍndiaWinter smog season · 1 Nov – 31 Jan (normalmente)Cold still air over the Doab holds in field smoke, brick kilns and traffic, and the monument can vanish from the far end of its own garden before ten.88
  4. Varanasi 🇮🇳 ÍndiaPost-Diwali smog · 25 Out – 10 Fev (normalmente)Stubble burning upwind, firecrackers and a cold air trap put the plains under a brown haze from Diwali onward.82
  5. Xangai 🇨🇳 República Popular da ChinaWinter haze · 15 Nov – 28 Fev (normalmente)Still, cold weeks trap particulates over the delta and the skyline goes flat grey for days until a front clears it.78
  6. Chengdu 🇨🇳 República Popular da ChinaWinter smog · 15 Nov – 28 FevThe basin holds its own air all winter under an inversion.78
  7. Teerã 🇮🇷 IrãWinter inversion smog · 15 Nov – 28 Fev (normalmente)Cold air traps the traffic exhaust against the mountains for days at a time and the government closes schools and offices when it gets bad.78
  8. Pingyao 🇨🇳 República Popular da ChinaHeating-season smog · 15 Nov – 15 Mar (normalmente)Shanxi is China's coal province and the central heating goes on in the middle of November.78
  9. Taichung 🇹🇼 TaiwanAutumn and winter haze · 15 Out – 31 Mar (normalmente)Once the summer winds drop, the mountains behind the city stop the air moving and central Taiwan's industry and power stations sit in it.77
  10. Daca 🇧🇩 BangladeshDry-season air · 15 Nov – 28 FevBrick kilns fire through the dry months, the construction dust never stops, and the city trades places with Delhi and Lahore at the top of the daily air rankings.75
  11. Ancara 🇹🇷 TurquiaWinter inversion · 15 Nov – 28 Fev (normalmente)The city sits in a bowl and cold, still weather traps household heating smoke in it for days at a time.73
  12. Kaohsiung 🇹🇼 TaiwanWinter air-quality season · 1 Out – 31 Mar (normalmente)The rain stops, the wind drops and the petrochemical belt on the north side has nowhere to go.72
  13. Xian 🇨🇳 República Popular da ChinaWinter smog · 15 Nov – 28 FevThe Guanzhong basin traps its air under the Qinling mountains all winter, and Xi'an posts some of the worst readings in the country.71
  14. Plovdiv 🇧🇬 BulgáriaWinter smog · 1 Nov – 10 Mar (normalmente)Wood and coal stoves in the surrounding villages, plus an inversion that traps everything over the Thracian plain, give Plovdiv some of the worst winter particulate readings in the EU.70
  15. Tirana 🇦🇱 AlbâniaWinter air pollution · 15 Nov – 28 FevOld diesel cars in a basin ringed by hills, plus wood heating, and the winter readings climb well past what the city's reputation for mild weather suggests.70
  16. Pequim 🇨🇳 República Popular da ChinaWinter smog days · 15 Nov – 28 Fev (normalmente)The heating season and a still, cold high can pin a grey lid over the city for days; it is far better than it was a decade ago, but the bad spells still come in runs of three or four days.67
  17. Escópia 🇲🇰 Macedónia do NorteWinter air pollution · 1 Nov – 28 FevHousehold heating and traffic under a valley inversion make this one of the worst-affected capitals in Europe, and schools have been closed over it.67
  18. Sófia 🇧🇬 BulgáriaWinter smog · 1 Nov – 10 Mar (normalmente)The city sits in a basin under Vitosha and the cold air does not move; wood and coal heating in the outer districts then fills it.66
  19. Boise 🇺🇸 Estados UnidosWinter inversion · 15 Nov – 15 Fev (normalmente)Cold air pools in the U-shaped valley under a warm lid and the wood smoke and traffic exhaust stay with it, sometimes for weeks.66
  20. Belgrado 🇷🇸 SérviaWinter smog · 1 Nov – 15 Mar (normalmente)Household coal and wood, old cars and a windless inversion over the confluence put Belgrade near the top of the world air-quality tables on the worst January mornings.65
  21. Turim 🇮🇹 ItáliaPo valley smog season · 1 Out – 31 MarThe city sits in a bowl with the Alps on three sides, and winter inversions trap particulates for days.65
  22. Novi Sad 🇷🇸 SérviaWinter air pollution · 15 Nov – 28 FevCold, still days over the Pannonian flat trap household heating smoke and the city regularly logs some of the worst readings in Europe.63
  23. Banja Luka 🇧🇦 Bósnia e HerzegovinaWinter heating smog · 15 Nov – 28 Fev (normalmente)Solid-fuel heating plus a valley inversion parks the smoke over the city on still winter days, and January is reliably the worst of it.63
  24. Milão 🇮🇹 ItáliaPo valley smog season · 15 Nov – 28 Fev (normalmente)The valley sits under the Alps with nowhere for the air to go, so still cold weeks stack particulate up until the region bans the oldest cars.62
  25. Bisqueque 🇰🇬 QuirguistãoWinter smog · 1 Nov – 1 Mar (normalmente)Coal stoves in the private housing around the city plus an inversion in the bowl put Bishkek near the top of the world air-quality lists on winter mornings.62

…e mais 9 em novembro.

O que acontece pelo mundo em novembro →

Smog de inverno em dezembro

  1. Varanasi 🇮🇳 ÍndiaPost-Diwali smog · 25 Out – 10 Fev (normalmente)Stubble burning upwind, firecrackers and a cold air trap put the plains under a brown haze from Diwali onward.92
  2. Taichung 🇹🇼 TaiwanAutumn and winter haze · 15 Out – 31 Mar (normalmente)Once the summer winds drop, the mountains behind the city stop the air moving and central Taiwan's industry and power stations sit in it.90
  3. Daca 🇧🇩 BangladeshDry-season air · 15 Nov – 28 FevBrick kilns fire through the dry months, the construction dust never stops, and the city trades places with Delhi and Lahore at the top of the daily air rankings.87
  4. Agra 🇮🇳 ÍndiaWinter smog season · 1 Nov – 31 Jan (normalmente)Cold still air over the Doab holds in field smoke, brick kilns and traffic, and the monument can vanish from the far end of its own garden before ten.86
  5. Kaohsiung 🇹🇼 TaiwanWinter air-quality season · 1 Out – 31 Mar (normalmente)The rain stops, the wind drops and the petrochemical belt on the north side has nowhere to go.84
  6. Laore 🇵🇰 PaquistãoSmog season · 15 Out – 31 Jan (normalmente)The province declares a smog season and acts on it: schools shut, offices go part-remote, brick kilns and building sites stop.83
  7. Islamabade 🇵🇰 PaquistãoWinter haze from the plains · 1 Nov – 15 Jan (normalmente)The Punjab smog does not stop at the motorway.80
  8. Chengdu 🇨🇳 República Popular da ChinaWinter smog · 15 Nov – 28 FevThe basin holds its own air all winter under an inversion.69
  9. Xangai 🇨🇳 República Popular da ChinaWinter haze · 15 Nov – 28 Fev (normalmente)Still, cold weeks trap particulates over the delta and the skyline goes flat grey for days until a front clears it.68
  10. Teerã 🇮🇷 IrãWinter inversion smog · 15 Nov – 28 Fev (normalmente)Cold air traps the traffic exhaust against the mountains for days at a time and the government closes schools and offices when it gets bad.68
  11. Tirana 🇦🇱 AlbâniaWinter air pollution · 15 Nov – 28 FevOld diesel cars in a basin ringed by hills, plus wood heating, and the winter readings climb well past what the city's reputation for mild weather suggests.67
  12. Pingyao 🇨🇳 República Popular da ChinaHeating-season smog · 15 Nov – 15 Mar (normalmente)Shanxi is China's coal province and the central heating goes on in the middle of November.66
  13. Xian 🇨🇳 República Popular da ChinaWinter smog · 15 Nov – 28 FevThe Guanzhong basin traps its air under the Qinling mountains all winter, and Xi'an posts some of the worst readings in the country.63
  14. Plovdiv 🇧🇬 BulgáriaWinter smog · 1 Nov – 10 Mar (normalmente)Wood and coal stoves in the surrounding villages, plus an inversion that traps everything over the Thracian plain, give Plovdiv some of the worst winter particulate readings in the EU.61
  15. Turim 🇮🇹 ItáliaPo valley smog season · 1 Out – 31 MarThe city sits in a bowl with the Alps on three sides, and winter inversions trap particulates for days.60
  16. Ancara 🇹🇷 TurquiaWinter inversion · 15 Nov – 28 Fev (normalmente)The city sits in a bowl and cold, still weather traps household heating smoke in it for days at a time.60
  17. Escópia 🇲🇰 Macedónia do NorteWinter air pollution · 1 Nov – 28 FevHousehold heating and traffic under a valley inversion make this one of the worst-affected capitals in Europe, and schools have been closed over it.59
  18. Milão 🇮🇹 ItáliaPo valley smog season · 15 Nov – 28 Fev (normalmente)The valley sits under the Alps with nowhere for the air to go, so still cold weeks stack particulate up until the region bans the oldest cars.57
  19. Belgrado 🇷🇸 SérviaWinter smog · 1 Nov – 15 Mar (normalmente)Household coal and wood, old cars and a windless inversion over the confluence put Belgrade near the top of the world air-quality tables on the worst January mornings.57
  20. Banja Luka 🇧🇦 Bósnia e HerzegovinaWinter heating smog · 15 Nov – 28 Fev (normalmente)Solid-fuel heating plus a valley inversion parks the smoke over the city on still winter days, and January is reliably the worst of it.57
  21. Nis 🇷🇸 SérviaWinter heating smog · 1 Dez – 28 Fev (normalmente)The same basin that traps the summer heat traps coal smoke from December to February, and the readings go from ordinary to genuinely unhealthy.57
  22. Sófia 🇧🇬 BulgáriaWinter smog · 1 Nov – 10 Mar (normalmente)The city sits in a basin under Vitosha and the cold air does not move; wood and coal heating in the outer districts then fills it.55
  23. Estugarda 🇩🇪 AlemanhaValley inversion air · 15 Nov – 28 Fev (normalmente)The city centre sits in a steep bowl with almost no through wind, which is why it spent years as Germany's worst spot for traffic particulates and still traps its own air on still winter days.53
  24. Novi Sad 🇷🇸 SérviaWinter air pollution · 15 Nov – 28 FevCold, still days over the Pannonian flat trap household heating smoke and the city regularly logs some of the worst readings in Europe.53
  25. Pristina KosovoWinter air pollution · 1 Nov – 28 FevTwo lignite power stations sit just outside the city and household heating adds to them, and cold still nights trap the lot in the basin.52

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