מזג האוויר בסן פדרו דה אטקמה במאי

Regulars are specific mornings here can drop close to freezing, some reporting temperatures as low as -2C at sunrise, even as the desert itself turns genuinely hot by midday, a good blanket enough to handle the overnight swing without extra heating. Our row backs that mild, genuinely bone-dry read, 25.2C over 9C nights feeling as low as 5C, with rain essentially absent and humidity down to just 19 percent. Regulars are consistent this counts as full summer season locally despite the cold mornings, the driest desert on earth living up to its reputation with essentially no rain to plan around. Sun protection remains essential given how intense the desert sun gets by midday. The record: 12.4 hours of sun, a 17.4 kph wind and AQI 40.

Regulars describe late October as warm and pleasant by day but genuinely cold once the sun drops, a swing they attribute to the desert's clear skies letting the day's heat escape fast overnight rather than any incoming weather system. Our row backs the range, 24C over a real 2C-feeling low, with rain essentially absent at 0.4mm across a fifth of a day and humidity down to a desert-dry 16.6 percent. The practical advice that follows is layering rather than picking one outfit - light clothes for the strong midday sun, a proper warm jacket for the evening stargazing tours this region is known for, since the same clear skies that cause the temperature drop are what make the night sky here so good. The record: 11.8 hours of sun, a 16.6 kph wind and AQI 39.

December is the desert behaving normally, after February's Bolivian winter: 3mm of rain across half a precipitation day, and humidity of 25 percent, the driest figure anywhere in this collection. Regulars explain the temperature swing rather than just reporting it - the sky is so clear that the ground radiates its heat away overnight and the temperature plummets, which is our 25.7C day falling to 11.5C and reading as 9C. Warm layers matter even in mid-December. The same clarity is what the stargazing is built on, with one caveat that has nothing to do with weather: go on a dark night, because a full moon erases the stars, and tours cancel or rebook if cloud comes in. The record: 12.5 hours of sun, a 17.9 kph wind and AQI 45.

San Pedro sits in the driest desert on earth and our February row still carries 34mm across 5.1 precipitation days. Locals have a name for the reason: the invierno boliviano, the Bolivian winter, when humid air off the Amazon crosses Bolivia in the southern summer and falls here as rain, or as snow on the mountains around. Regulars are specific about the consequence - it is the tours rather than the town that suffer. Moon Valley, the geysers and the high altiplano lagoons can all be cancelled, and some crossings to Salta are not run at this time of year at all. June to August has none of it, and May to September is fine. The desert is otherwise itself: 24.2C by day, 12.3C at night, 45 percent humidity. The record: 11.4 hours of sun, a 15 kph wind and AQI 38.